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155. Structural analysis of the active site geometry of N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase from Escherichia coli. Thoden, J. B., Holden, H.M., and Firestine, S. M. (2008). Biochemistry, 47, 13346-13353.

154. Accommodation of GDP-linked sugars in the active site of GDP-perosamine synthase. Cook, P. D., Carney, A. E., and Holden, H. M. (2008). Biochemistry, 47, 10685-10693.

153. The interaction between an acidic transcriptional activator and its inhibitor: the molecular basis of Gal4p recognition by Gal80p. Thoden, J. B., Ryan, L. S., Reece, R. J., and Holden, H. M. (2008). The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 283, 30266-30272.

152. The three-dimensional structure of DesVI from Streptomyces venezuelae: a sugar N,N-dimethyltransferase required for dTDP-desosamine biosynthesis. Burgie, E. S. and Holden, H. M. (2008). Biochemistry, 47, 3982-3988.

151. GDP-perosamine synthase: structural analysis and production of a novel trideoxysugar. Cook, P. D. and Holden, H. M. (2008). Biochemistry, 47, 2833-2840.

150. GDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose-3-dehydratase: accommodating a sugar substrate in the active site. Cook, P. D. and Holden, H. M. (2008). The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 283, 4295-4303.

149. A structural study of GDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose-3-dehydratase: caught in the act of geminal diamine formation. Cook, P. D. and Holden, H. M. (2007). Biochemistry, 46, 14215-14224.

148. Molecular architecture of DesI: a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of desosamine. Burgie, E. S. and Holden, H. M. (2007). Biochemistry, 46, 8999-9006.

147. The x-ray structure of dTDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose-3,4-ketoisomerase. Davis, M. L., Thoden, J. B., and Holden, H. M. (2007). J. Biol. Chem., 282, 19227-19236.

146. Active site geometry of glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. Thoden, J. B. and Holden, H. M. (2007). Protein Science, 16, 1379-1388.

145. Molecular architecture of DesV from Streptomyces venezuelae: a PLP-dependent transaminase involved in the biosynthesis of the unusual sugar desosamine. Burgie, E. S., Thoden, J. B., and Holden, H. M. (2007). Protein Science, 16, 887-896.

144. The molecular architecture of glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. Thoden, J. B. and Holden, H. M. (2007). Protein Science, 16, 432-440.

143. Understanding a transcriptional paradigm at the molecular level: the structure of yeast Gal80p. Thoden, J. B., Sellick, C. A., Reece, R. J., and Holden, H. M. (2007). J. Biol. Chem., 282, 1534-1538.

142. The structure of GDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose-3-dehydratase: a novel coenzyme B6-dependent enzyme. (2006). Cook, P. D. and Holden, H. M . Protein Science, 9, 2093-2106.

141. Structural studies of Enzymes of the Leloir pathway. Holden, H. M. (2005). Proceeding from “International Symposium: Galactosaemia, Facts and Unresolved Issues” November 16-18, 2005. Fulda, Germany

140. Functional significance of Glu-77 and Tyr-137 within the active site of isoaspartyl dipeptidase. Marti-Arbona, R., Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., and Raushel, F. M. (2005). Bioorg. Chem., 33, 448-458.

139. Molecular structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gal1p – a bifunctional galactokinase and transcriptional inducer. Thoden, J. B., Sellick, C. A., Timson, D. J., Reece, R. J., and Holden, H. M. (2005). J. Biol. Chem., 280, 36905-36911.

138. The molecular architecture of human N-acetyl galactosamine kinase. Thoden, J. B., and Holden, H. M. (2005). J. Biol. Chem. 280, 32784-32791.

137. The molecular architecture of galactose mutarotase/UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Thoden, J. B., and Holden, H. M. (2005). J. Biol. Chem. 280, 21900-21907.

136. Mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by isoaspartyl dipeptidase from Escherichia coli. Marti-Arbona, R., Fresquet, V., Thoden, J. B., Davis, M. L., Holden, H. M., and Raushel, F. M. (2005). Biochemistry 44, 7115-7124.

135. Kinetic and structural analysis of α-D-glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase from Salmonella typhi. Koropatkin, N. M., Cleland, W. W., and Holden, H. M. (2005). J. Biol. Chem. 280, 10774-10780.

134. Structure of CDP-D-glucose 4,6-dehydratase from Salmonella typhi complexed with CDP-D-xylose. Koropatkin, N. M. and Holden, H. M. (2005). Acta Cryst D. 61, 365-373.

133. Molecular structure of human galactokinase: implications for Type II galactosemia. Thoden, J. B., Timson, D. J., Reece, R. J., and Holden, H. M. (2005). J. Biol. Chem. 280, 9662-9670.

132. Functional characterization of the K257R and G319E hGALE alleles common in African-American patients with ostensibly peripheral epimerase deficiency galactosemia. Wasilenko, J., Huguenin, S., Lucas, M. E., Cowan, T. M., Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., and Fridovich-Keil, J. L. (2005). Mol. Genet. Metab., 84, 32-38.

131. Crystal structure of gene locus At3g16990 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Blommel, P. G., Smith, D. W., Bingman, C. A., Dyer, D. H., Rayment, I., Holden, H. M., Fox, B. G., and Phillips, G. N. Jr. (2004). Proteins 57, 221-222.

130. Molecular structure of α-D-glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase from Salmonella typhi. Koropatkin, N. M. and Holden, H. M. (2004). J. Biol. Chem. 279, 44023-44029.

129. Determinants of function and substrate specificity in human UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase. Schulz, J. M., Watson, A. L., Sanders, R., Ross, K. L., Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., and Fridovich-Keil, J. L. (2004). J. Biol. Chem. 279, 32796-32803.

128. Galactokinase: structure, function, and role in Type II galactosemia. Holden, H. M., Thoden, J. B., Timson, D. J., and Reece, R. J. (2004). Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 61, 2471-2484.

127. Molecular structure of human galactose mutarotase. Thoden, J. B., Timson, D. J., Reece, R. J., and Holden, H. M. (2004). J. Biol. Chem. 279, 23431-23437.

126. Long range allosteric transitions in carbamoyl phosphate synthetase. Thoden, J. B., Huang, X., Kim, J., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (2004). Protein Science 13, 2398-2405. 

125. Evolution of enzymatic activity in the enolase superfamily: functional studies of the promiscuous o-succinylbenzoate synthase from Amycolatopsis. EA Taylor Ringia, JB Garrett, JB Thoden, HM Holden, I Rayment, and JA Gerlt (2004) Biochemistry, Jan; 43(1): 224-9.

124. High Resolution X-ray Structure of dTDP-Glucose 4,6-Dehydratase from Streptomyces venezuelae. Simon T. M. Allard, W. W. Cleland, and Hazel M. Holden (2004) J. Biol. Chem., Jan; 279: 2211 - 2220.

123. Structure and Function of Enzymes of the Leloir Pathway for Galactose Metabolism. Hazel M. Holden, Ivan Rayment, and James B. Thoden (2003) J. Biol. Chem., Nov; 278: 43885 - 43888.

122. The Structural Determination of an Insect Sterol Carrier Protein-2 with a Ligand-bound C16 Fatty Acid at 1.35-Å Resolution. David H. Dyer, Scott Lovell, James B. Thoden, Hazel M. Holden, Ivan Rayment, and Que Lan (2003) J. Biol. Chem., Oct; 278: 39085 - 39091.

121. Kinetic mechanism of asparagine synthetase from Vibrio cholerae.  Fresquet, V., Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., and Raushel, F. M.  (2003) Bioorganic Chemistry, in press.

120. The Structure of 4-Hydroxybenzoyl-CoA Thioesterase from Arthrobacter sp. strain SU. James B. Thoden, Zhihao Zhuang, Debra Dunaway-Mariano, and Hazel M. Holden (2003) J. Biol. Chem., Oct; 278: 43709 - 43716.

119. Molecular Structure of Galactokinase. James B. Thoden and Hazel M. Holden (2003) J. Biol. Chem., Aug; 278: 33305 - 33311.

118. Enhanced degradation of chemical warfare agents through molecular engineering of enzyme active sites.  Hill, C. M., Li, W.-S., Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., and Raushel, F. M.  (2003) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 8990-8991.

117. The Three-dimensional Structure of the Core Domain of Naf Y from Azotobacter vinelandii determined at 1.8-Å Resolution. David H. Dyer, Luis M. Rubio, James B. Thoden, Hazel M. Holden, Paul W. Ludden, and Ivan Rayment (2003) J. Biol. Chem., Aug; 278: 32150 - 32156.

116. Enzymes with molecular tunnels. FM Raushel, JB Thoden, and HM Holden (2003) Acc Chem Res, Jul 2003; 36(7): 539-48.

115. Residues C123 and D58 of the 2-methylisocitrate Lyase (PrpB) Enzyme of salmonell enterica are Essential for Catalysis. Grimek, T. L., Holden, H. M., Rayment, I., and Escalante-Semerena, J. C. (2003) Journal of Bacteriology, submitted for publication.

114. High resolution x-ray structure of tyvelose epimerase from Salmonella typhi. Koropatkin, N. M., Liu, H. -w., and Holden, H. M. (2003) J. Biol. Chem., accepted for publication.

113. Proteins with molecular tunnels. Raushel, F. M., Thoden, J. B., and Holden, H. M. (2003) Accounts of Chemical Research, accepted for publication.

112. High resolution x-ray structure of isoaspartyl dipeptidase from Escherichia coli. Thoden, J. B., Marti-Arbona, R., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (2003) Biochemistry, accepted for publication.

111. The catalytic mechanism of galactose mutarotase. Thoden, J. B., Kim, J., Raushel, R. M., and Holden, H. M. (2003) Protein Science, accepted for publication.

110. Structural and kinetic studies of sugar binding to galactose mutarotase from Lactococcus lactis. Thoden, J. B., Kim, J., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 45458-45465.

109. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: creation of an escape route for ammonia. Thoden, J. B., Huang, X., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 39722-39727.

108. Structural analysis of the Y299C mutant of Escherichia coli UDP-galactose 4-epimerase: teaching an old dog new tricks. Thoden, J. B., Henderson, J. M., Fridovich-Keil, J. L., and Holden, H. M. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 27528-27534.

107. X-ray crystallographic analyses of inhibitor and substrate complexes of wild-type and mutant 4-hydroxybenzoyl CoA thioesterase. Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., Zhuang, A., and Dunaway-Mariano, D. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 27468-27476.

106. PurT-encoded glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase: accommodation of adenosine nucleotide analogs within the active site. Thoden, J. B., Firestine, S. M., Benkovic, S. J., and Holden, H. M. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 23898-23908.

105. High resolution x-ray structure of galactose mutarotase from Lactococcus lactis. Thoden, J. B. and Holden, H. M. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 20854-20861.

104. Histidine 90 function in 4-chlorobenzoyl-coenzyme A dehalogenase catalysis. Zhang, W., Wei, Y., Luo, L., Taylor, K. L., Yang, G., Dunaway-Mariano, D., Benning, M. M., and Holden H. M. (2001) Biochemistry 40, 13474-13482.

103. Inactivation of the amidotransferase activity of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase by the antibiotic acivicin. Miles, B. W., Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., and Raushel, F. M. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 4368-4373.

102. Molecular structure of dihydroorotase: a paradigm for catalysis through the use of a binuclear metal center. Thoden, J. B., Phillips, G. N., Neal, T., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (2001) Biochemistry 40, 6989-6997.

101. Molecular basis for severe epimerase-deficiency galactosemia: x-ray structure of the human V94M-substituted UDP-galactose 4-epimerase. Thoden, J. B., Wohlers, T. M., Fridovich-Keil, J. L., and Holden, H. M. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 20617-20623.

100. High resolution x-ray structures of different metal-substituted forms of phosphotriesterase from Pseudomonas diminuta. Benning, H. M., Shim, H., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (2001) Biochemistry 40, 2712-2722.

99. Human UDP-galactose 4-epimerase: Accommodation of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine within the active site. Thoden, J. B., Wohlers, T. M., Fridovich-Keil, J. L., and Holden, H. M. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 15131-15136.

98. Channeling of substrates in enzyme catalyzed reactions. Huang, X., Holden, H. M., and Raushel, F. M. (2001) Annual Reviews of Biochemistry 79, 149-180.

97. X-ray structure of the apo and MgATP-bound states of Dictyostelium discoideum myosin motor domain. Bauer, C. B., Holden, H. M., Thoden, J. B., Smith, R., and Rayment I. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 38494 38499.

96. The three-dimensional structure of ATP:corrinoid adenosyl trnasferase from Salmonella typhimurium (CobA) in its free state, complexed with MgATP, or complexed with hydroxycobalamin and MgATP. Bauer, C. B., Fonseca, M. V., Holden, H. M., Thoden, J. B., Thompson, T. B., Escalante-Semerena J. C., and Rayment, I. (2001) Biochemistry 40, 361-374.

95. The crotonase superfamily: divergently related enzymes that catalyze different reactions involving acyl coenzyme A thioesters. Holden, H. M., Benning, M. M., Haller, T., and Gerlt, J. A. (2001) Accounts of Chemical Research, 34, 145-157.

94. Molecular structure of Escherichia coli PurT-encoded glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase. Thoden J. B., Firestine S., Nixon A., Benkovic S. J., and Holden H. M. (2000) Biochemistry 39, 8791-8802.

93. A twelve year journey towards identifying the catalytic base in UDP-galactose 4-epimerase. Thoden, J. B., and Holden, H. M. (2000) Transactions of the American Crystallographic Association 35, 103-114.

92. The binding of substrate analogs to phosphotriesterase. Benning, M. M., Hong, S. -B, Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 30556-30560.

91. Crystallographic evidence for Tyr 157 functioning as the active site base in human UDP-galactose 4-epimerase. Thoden, J. B., Wohlers, T. M., Fridovich-Keil, J. L., and Holden, H. M. (2000) Biochemistry 39, 5691-5701.

90. New reactions in the crotonase superfamily: structure of methylmalonyl CoA decarboxylase from Escherichia coli. Benning, M. M., Haller, T., Gerlt, J. A., and Holden, H. M. (2000) Biochemistry 39, 4630-4639.

89. Movement of the biotin carboxylase B-domain as a result of ATP-binding. Thoden, J. B., Blanchard, C. Z., Holden, H. M., and Waldrop, G. L. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 16183-16190.

88. Phosphotriesterase: an enzyme in search of a substrate. Raushel, F. M. and Holden, H. M. (2000) Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol., Vol. 74, 51-93.

87. Three-dimensional structure of N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide (N5-CAIR) synthetase: a member of the ATP-grasp protein superfamily. Thoden, J. B., Kappock, J. T., Stubbe, J., Holden, H. M. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 15480-15492.

86. The small subunit of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: snapshots along the reaction pathway. Thoden, J. B., Huang, X., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 16158-16166.

85. The three-dimensional structure of Escherichia coli asparagine synthetase B: a short journey from substrate to product. Larsen, T. M., Boehlein, S. K., Schuster, S. M., Richards, N. G. J., Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., and Rayment, I. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 16146-16157.

84. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: an amazing biochemical odyssey from substrate to product. Holden, H. M., Raushel, F. M., and Thoden, J. B. (1999). Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 56, 507-522.

83. The amidotransferase family of enzymes: molecular machines for the production and delivery of ammonia. Raushel, F. M.,Thoden, J. B., and Holden, H. M. (1999). Biochemistry 38, 7891-7899.

82. The binding of inosine monophosphate to Escherichia coli carbamoyl phosphate synthetase Thoden, J. B, Raushel, F. M., Wesenberg, G., and Holden, H. M. (1999). J. Biol. Chem. 274, 22502-22507.

81. Kinetic mechanism of kanamycin nucleotidyltransferase from Staphylococcus aureus. Chen-Goodspeed, M., Vanhooke, J. L., Holden, H. M., and Raushel, F. M. (1999). Bioorganic Chemistry 27, 395-408.

80. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: closure of the B-domain as a result of nucleotide binding. Thoden, J. B., Wesenberg, G., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (1999). Biochemistry 38, 2347-2357.

79. Phenylalanine dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus sp. M4: high resolution x-ray analyses of inhibitory ternary complexes reveal key features in the oxidative deamination mechanism..Vanhooke, J. L., Thoden, J. B., Brunhuber, N. M. W., Blanchard, J. S., and Holden, H. M. (1999). Biochemistry 38, 2326-2339.

78. The structure of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase determined to 2.1 Å resolution. Thoden, J. B., Raushel F. M., Benning M. M, and Holden, H. M. (1999). Acta Cryst. D. D55, 8 -24.

77. Structural studies of UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from Escherichia coli. Thoden, J. B., and Holden, H. M. (1999). In Enzymatic Mechanisms. (P. A. Frey and D. B. Northrup, eds.) IOS Press, pp. 288-299.

76. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: a crooked path from substrates to products. Raushel, F. M., Thoden, J. B., Reinhart, G. D., and Holden, H. M. (1998). Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 2, 624-632.

75. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: a tunnel runs through it. Holden, H. M., Thoden, J. B., and Raushel, F. M. (1998). Current Opinion in Structural Biology 8, 679-685.

74. The three-dimensional structure of 4-hydroxybenzoyl CoA thioesterase. Benning, M. M., Wesenberg, G., Liu, R., Taylor, K., Dunaway-Mariano, D., and Holden, H. M. (1998). J. Biol. Chem. 273, 33572-33579.

73. Dramatic differences in the binding of UDP-galactose and UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from Escherichia coli. Thoden, J. B., and Holden, H. M. (1998). Biochemistry 37, 11469-11477.

72. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: caught in the act of glutamine hydrolysis. Thoden, J. B., Miran, S. G., Phillips, J. C., Howard, A. J., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (1998). Biochemistry 37, 8825-8831.

71. Complexes of truncated myosin head from Dictyostelium discoideum in the presence of nucleotide analogs. Gulick, A. M., Bauer, C. B., Thoden, J. B., Smith, C. A., Fisher, A. J., Holden, H. M., Sutoh, K., and Rayment, I. (1997). Structure and Function of Macromolecular Assembly, Proceeding of the 22nd Internation Symposium Division of Biophysics The Tanaguchi Foundation, Ed. Namba, K. 234-243.

70. Iron-sulfur cluster cysteine-to-serine mutants of Anabaena [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin exhibit unexpected redox properties and are competent in electron transfer to ferredoxin:NADP+ reductase. Hurley, J. K., Weber-Main, A. M., Hodges, A. E., Stankovich, M. T., Benning, M. M., Holden, H. M., Cheng, H., Xia, B., Markley, J. L., Genzor, C., Gomez-Moreno, C., Hafezi, R., and Tollin, G. (1997). Biochemistry 36, 15109-15117.

69. Structure-function relationships in Anabaena ferredoxin: correlations between x-ray crystal structures, reduction potentials, and rate constants of electron transfer to ferredoxin:NADP+ reductase for site-specific ferredoxin mutants. Hurley, J. K., Weber-Main, A. M., Stankovich, M. T., Benning, M. M., Thoden, J. B., Vanhooke, J. L., Holden, H. M., Chae, Y. K., Xia, B., Cheng, H., Markley, J. L., Martinez-Júlvez, M., Gómez-Moreno, C., Schmeits, J. L., and Tollin, G. (1997). Biochemistry 36, 11100-11117.

68. The structure of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: a journey of 96 Å from substrate to product. Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., Wesenberg, G., Raushel, F. M., and Rayment, I. (1997). Biochemistry 36, 6305-6316.

67. Mechanistic importance of tyrosine-149 and serine-124 in UDP-galactose-4-epimerase from Escherichia coli. Liu, Y., Kim, J., Ruzicka, F. J., Swanson, B. A., Gulick, A. M., Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., and Frey, P. A. (1997). Biochemistry 36, 10675-10684.

66. Structure and folding of bacterial luciferase. Baldwin, T. O., Ziegler, M. M., Clark, A. C., Sinclair, J. F., Raushel, F. M., Rayment, I., Holden, H. M., Fisher, A. J., Thompson, T. B., and Thoden, J. B. (1996). In Flavins and Flavoproteins 1996 (K. J. Stevenson, V. Massey, and C. H. Williams, eds.) University of Calgary Press, pp. 347-356.

65. Molecular structures of the S124A, S124T, and S124V site-directed mutants of UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from Escherichia coli. Thoden, J. B., Gulick, A. M., and Holden, H. M. (1997). Biochemistry 36, 10685-10695.

64. Structural analysis of UDP-sugar binding to UDP-galactose-4-epimerase from Escherichia coli. Thoden, J. B., Hegeman, A., Frey, P. A., and Holden, H. M. (1997). Biochemistry 36, 6294-6304.

63. Structural analysis of the H166G site-directed mutant of galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase complexed with either UDP-glucose or UDP-galactose: detailed description of the nucleotide-sugar binding site. Thoden, J. B., Ruzicka, F. J., Frey, P. A., Rayment, I., and Holden, H. M. (1997). Biochemistry 36, 1212-1222.

62. Structure of the b2-homodimer of bacterial luciferase from Vibrio harveyi: x-ray analysis of a kinetic protein folding trap. Thoden, J. B., Holden, H. M., Fisher, A. J., Sinclair, J. F., Wesenberg, G., Baldwin, T. O., and Rayment, I. (1997). Protein Science 6, 13-23.

61. High resolution x-ray structure of UDP-galactose 4-epimerase complexed with UDP-phenol. Thoden, J. B., Frey, P. A., and Holden, H. M. (1996). Protein Science 5, 2149-2161.

60. Structural determination of the cytochrome c2 isolated from Rhodopila globiformis. Benning, M. M., Meyer, T. E., and Holden, H. M. (1996). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 333, 338-348.

59. Molecular structure of a proteolytic fragment of TLP20. Holden, H. M., Wesenberg, G., Hartshorne, D. J., Guerriero, V., Jr,., and Rayment, I. (1996). Acta Cryst. D. 52 1153-1160.

58. Structure of 4-chlorobenzoyl coenzyme A dehalogenase determined to 1.8 Å resolution: an enzyme catalyst generated via adaptive mutation. Benning, M. M., Taylor, K. L., Liu, R.-Q., Yang, G., Xiang, H., Wesenberg, G., Dunaway-Mariano, D., and Holden, H. M. (1996). Biochemistry 35, 8103-8109.

57. Three-dimensional structure of the zinc-containing phosphotriesterase with bound substrate analog diethyl 4-methylbenzylphosphonate. Vanhooke, J. L., Benning, M. M., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (1996). Biochemistry 35, 6020-6025.

56. Molecular structure of the NADH/UDP-glucose abortive complex of UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from Escherichia coli: implications for the catalytic mechanism. Thoden, J. B., Frey, P. A., and Holden, H. M. (1996). Biochemistry 35, 5137-5144.

55. Crystal structures of the oxidized and reduced forms of UDP-galactose 4-epimerase isolated from Escherichia coli. Thoden, J. B., Frey, P. A., and Holden, H. M. (1996). Biochemistry 35, 2557-2566.

54. Structural investigation of the antibiotic and ATP-binding sites in kanamycin nucleotidyltransferase. Pedersen, L. C., Benning, M. M., and Holden, H. M. (1995). Biochemistry 34, 13305-13311.

53. Three-dimensional structure of the binuclear metal center of phosphotriesterase. Benning, M. M., Kuo, J. M., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (1995). Biochemistry 34, 7973-7978.

52. X-ray structures of the myosin motor domain of Dictyostelium discoideum complexed with MgADP.BeFx and MgADP.AlF4-. Fisher, A. J., Smith, C. A., Thoden, J., Smith, R., Sutoh, K., Holden, H. M., and Rayment, I. (1995). Biochemistry 34, 8960-8972.

51. Structural studies of myosin:nucleotide complexes: a revised model for the molecular basis of muscle contraction. Fisher, A. J., Smith, C.A., Thoden, J., Smith, R., Sutoh, K., Holden, H. M., and Rayment, I. (1995). Biophysical Journal 68, 19s-28s.

50. Structural interpretation of the mutations in the b-cardiac myosin that have been implicated in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Rayment, I., Holden, H. M., Sellers, J. R., Fananapazir, L., and Epstein, N. D. (1995). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U. S. A. 92, 3864-3868.

49. Three-dimensional structure of phosphotriesterase: an enzyme capable of detoxifying organophosphate nerve agents. Benning, M. M., Kuo, J. M., Raushel, F. M., and Holden, H. M. (1994). Biochemistry 33, 15001-15007.

48. Crystallization, structure determination and least-squares refinement to 2.2 Å resolution of the muscle fatty-acid-binding protein isolated from Schistocerca gregaria. Haunerland, N. H., Jacobson, B.L., Wesenberg, G., Rayment, I., and Holden, H. M. (1994). Biochemistry 33, 12378-12385.

47. The three-dimensional structure of biotin carboxylase subunit of acetyl-co-a carboxylase. Waldrop, G., Rayment, I., and Holden, H. M. (1994). Biochemistry 33, 10249-10256.

46. Mutations of surface residues in Anabaena vegetative and heterocyst ferredoxin that affect thermodynamic stability as determined by guanidine hydrochloride denaturation. Hurley, J. K., Caffrey, M. S., Markley, J. L., Cheng, H., Xia, B., Chae, Y. K., Holden, H. M., and Tollin, G. (1995). Protein Science 4, 58-64.

45. Structure of rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase complexed with Mn2+,K+, and pyruvate. Larsen, T. M., Laughlin, T., Holden, H. M., Rayment, I., and Reed, G. H. (1994). Biochemistry 33, 6301-6309.

44. X-ray structure of the cytochrome c2 isolated from Paracoccus denitrificans refined to 1.7 Å resolution. Benning, M. M., Meyer, T. E., and Holden, H. M. (1994). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 310, 460-466.

43. The three-dimensional structure of a molecular motor. Rayment, I. and Holden, H. M. (1994). Trends in Biochemical Sciences 19, 129-134.

42. Molecular structure of the oxidized high-potential iron-sulfur protein isolated from Ectothiorhodospira vacuolata. Benning, M. M., Meyer, T. E., Rayment, I., and Holden, H. M. (1994). Biochemistry 33, 2476-2483.

41. Structure-function studies of [2Fe-2S] ferredoxins. Holden, H. M., Jacobson, B. L., Hurley, J. K., Tollin, G., Oh, B-H., Skjeldal, L., Chae, Y. K., Cheng, H., Xia, B., and Markley, J. L. (1994). J. Bioenerg. Biomemb. 26, 67-88.

40. Synthetic chimeras of mouse growth factor-associated glandular kallikreins. II. Growth factor binding properties. Blaber, M. Isackson, P. J., Holden, H. M., and Bradshaw, R. A. (1993). Protein Science 2, 1220-1228.

39. Three-dimensional atomic model of F-actin decorated with Dictyostelium myosin S1. Schröder, R. R., Manstein, D. J., Jahn, W., Holden, H., Rayment, I., Holmes, K. C., and Spudich, J. A. (1993). Nature 364, 171-174.

38. Myosin subfragment-1: structure and function of a molecular motor. Rayment, I. and Holden, H. M. (1993). Current Opinion in Structural Biology 3, 944-952.

37. Molecular structure of kanamycin nucleotidyltransferase determined to 3.0 Å resolution. Sakon, J., Liao, H. H., Kanikula, A. M., Benning, M. M., Rayment, I., and Holden, H. M. (1993). Biochemistry 32, 11977-11984.

36. Preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of biotin carboxylase isolated from Escherichia coli. Waldrop, G., Holden, H. M., and Rayment, I. (1994). J. Mol. Biol. 235, 367-369.

35. Structural consequences of reductive methylation of lysine residues in hen egg white lysozyme: an x-ray analysis at 1.8 Å resolution. Rypniewski, W. R., Holden, H. M., and Rayment, I. (1993). Biochemistry 32, 9851-9858.

34. Structure of the actin-myosin complex and its implications for muscle contraction. Rayment, I., Holden, H. M., Whittaker, M. Yohn, C. B., Lorenz, M., Holmes, K. C., and Milligan, R. A. (1993). Science 261, 58-65.

33. The three-dimensional structure of a molecular motor, myosin subfragment-1. Rayment, I., Rypniewski, W. R., Schmidt-Base, K., Smith, R., Tomchick, D. R., Benning, M. M., Winkelmann, D. A., Wesenberg, G., and Holden, H. M. (1993). Science 261, 50-58.

32. Structure determination of the oxidized, recombinant, heterocyst [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin from Anabaena 7120 to 1.7 Å resolution. Jacobson, B.L., Chae, Y.K., Markley, J.L., Rayment, I., and Holden, H.M. (1993). Biochemistry 32, 6788-6793.

31. The three-dimensional structure of the high-potential iron-sulfur protein isolated from Rhodocyclus tenuis determined and refined at 1.5 Å resolution. Rayment, I., Wesenberg, G., Meyer, T.E., and Holden, H.M. (1992). J. Mol. Biol. 228, 672-686.

30. Crystallization, structure determination and least squares refinement to 1.75 Å resolution of the fatty acid binding protein isolated from Manduca sexta L. Benning, M.M., Smith, A., Wells, M.A., and Holden, H.M. (1992). J. Mol. Biol. 228, 208-219.

29. X-ray structure determination of telokin, the C-terminal domain of myosin light chain kinase, at 2.8 Å resolution. Holden, H.M., Ito, M., Hartshorne, D.J., and Rayment, I. (1992). J. Mol. Biol. 227, 840-851.

28. Chemical, spectroscopic and crystallographic studies of UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from Escherichia coli. Frey, P. A., Bauer, A. J., Vanhooke, J. L., Konopka, J. M., Rayment, I., and Holden. H. M. (1992). Symposium Biological Oxidation. pp. 461-464.

27. Crystallization and preliminary analysis of oxidized, recombinant, heterocyst [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin from Anabaena 7120. Jacobson, B.L., Chae, Y.K., Böhme, H., Markley, J.L., and Holden, H.M. (1992). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 294, 279-281.

26. Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a thermostable mutant of kanamycin nucleotidyltransferase. Kanikula, A.M., Liao, H.H., Sakon, J., Holden, H.M., and Rayment, I. (1992). Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 295, 1-4.

25. The molecular structure of UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from Escherichia coli determined at 2.5 Å resolution. Bauer, A.J., Rayment, I., Frey, P.A., and Holden, H.M. (1992). Proteins, Structure, Function and Genetics 12, 372-381.

24. Trimethyllead acetate: A first-choice heavy atom derivative for protein crystallography. Holden, H.M. and Rayment, I. (1991). Arch. Biochem Biophys. 291, 187-194.

23. The molecular structure of the high potential iron-sulfur protein isolated from Ectothiorhodospira halophila determined at 2.5 Å resolution. Breiter, D.R., Meyer, T.E., Rayment, I., and Holden, H.M. (1991). J. Biol. Chem. 266, 18660-18667.

22. Two-dimensional magnetization exchange spectroscopy of Anabaena 7120 ferredoxin. Nuclear overhauser effect and electron self-exchange cross peaks from amino acid residues surrounding the 2Fe-2S* cluster. Skjeldal, L., Westler, W.M., Oh, B.-H., Krezel, A.M., Holden, H.M., Jacobson, B.L., Rayment, I., and Markley, J.L. (1991). Biochemistry 30, 7363-7368.

21. The molecular structure of cytochrome c2 isolated from Rhodobacter capsulatus determined at 2.5 Å resolution. Benning, M.M., Wesenberg, G., Caffrey, M.S., Bartsch, R.G., Meyer, T.E., Cusanovich, M.A., Rayment, I., and Holden, H.M. (1991). J. Mol. Biol. 220, 673-685.

20. Crystallization and structure determination to 2.5 Å resolution of the [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin isolated from Anabaena 1710. Rypniewski, W.R., Oh, B.H., Markley, J.L., Rayment, I., and Holden, H.M. (1991). Biochemistry 30, 4126-4131.

19. Molecular structure of an apolipoprotein determined at 2.5 Å resolution. Breiter, D.R., Kanost, M.R., Benning, M.M., Wesenberg, G., Law, J.H., Wells, M.A., Rayment, I., and Holden, H.M. (1991). Biochemistry 30, 603-608.

18. The isolation, purification and preliminary crystallographic characterization of UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from E. coli. Bauer, A.J., Rayment, I., Frey, P.A., and Holden, H.M. (1991). Proteins, Structure, Function, and Genetics 9, 135-142.

17. The importance of a conserved hydrogen bonding network in cytochromes c to their redox potentials and stabilities. Caffrey, M.S., Daldal, F., Holden, H.M., and Cusanovich, M.A. (1991). Biochemistry 30, 4119-4125.

16. Structural studies of lipid binding proteins. Breiter, D.R., Benning, M.M., Kanost, M.R., Wells, M.A., Law, J.H., Rayment, I., and Holden, H.M. (1990). Proceedings of the Twentieth Steenbock Symposium. Molecular Biology of Atherosclerosis (Attie, A.D., ed.), 141-148, Elsevier Science Publishers of New York.

15. Crystallization and preliminary analysis of crystals of apolipophorin III isolated from Locusta migratoria. Holden, H.M., Kanost, M., Rayment, I., Law, J.H., and Wells, M.A. (1988). J. Biol. Chem. 263, 3960-3962.

14. The binding of Val-Trp to crystalline thermolysin illustrates the mode of interaction of a product of peptide hydrolysis. Holden, H.M. and Matthews, B.W. (1988). J. Biol. Chem. 263, 3256-3260.

13. Slow and fast-binding inhibitors of thermolysin display different modes of binding: a crystallographic analysis of extended phosphonamidate transition-state analogues. Holden, H.M., Tronrud, D.E., Monzingo, A.F., Weaver, L.H., and Matthews, B.W. (1987). Biochemistry 26, 8542-8553.

12. The structure of L-3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase: preliminary chain tracing at 2.8 Å resolution. Birktoft, J.J., Holden, H.M., Hamlin, R., Xuong, Ng. H., and Banaszak, L.J. (1987). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 84, 8262-8266.

11. The molecular structure of insecticyanin at 2.6 Å resolution. Holden, H.M., Rypniewski, W.R., Law, J.H., and Rayment, I. (1987). The EMBO Journal 6, 1565-1570.

10. Crystallization and preliminary analysis of crystals of cytochrome c2 from Rhodopseudomonas capsulata. Holden, H.M., Meyer, T.E., Cusanovich, M.A., Daldal, F., and Rayment, I. (1987). J. Mol. Biol. 195, 229-231.

9. Structures of two thermolysin-inhibitor complexes that differ by a single hydrogen bond. Tronrud, D.E., Holden, H.M., and Matthews, B.W. (1987). Science 235, 571-574.

8. Kinetics of ligand binding, amino acid sequence and crystallization of Chlorobium and Chromatium flavocytochrome c. Meyer, T.E., Holden, H.M., Rayment, I., Bartsch, R.G., Cusanovich, M.A., and Van Beeumen, J.V. (1987). In Flavins and Flavoproteins (Edmondson, D.E. and McCormick, D.B., eds.), 365-369, Walter de Gruyter and Co., Berlin.

7. Structural studies of DNA-protein recognition. Brennan, R.G., Holden, H.M., Takeda, Y., and Matthews, B.W. (1987). In Biological Organization: Macromolecular Interactions at High Resolution (Burnett, R. and Vogel, H., eds.), 58-65, Academic Press, Inc., New York.

6. Crystallization of a high-potential iron-sulfur protein from the halophilic phototropic bacterium Ectothiorhodospira halophila. Holden, H.M., Meyer, T.E., Cusanovich, M.A., and Rayment, I. (1986). J. Biol. Chem. 261, 14746-14747.

5. The combination of manual model building and automated refinement for the study of the structure and function of macromolecules. Tronrud, D.E., Holden, H.M., Monzingo, A.F., and Matthews, B.W. (1986). In Computer Graphics and Molecular Modeling. Current Communications in Molecular Biology, (Fletterick, R. and Zeller, M., eds.), 91-94.

4. Crystallization and preliminary analysis of crystals of a high potential iron sulphur protein from Rhodospirillum tenue. Holden, H.M., Meyer, T.E., Cusanovich, M.A., and Rayment, I. (1986). J. Biol. Chem. 261, 4219-4220.

3. Crystallization of insecticyanin from the hemolymph of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta L. Holden, H.M., Law, J.H., and Rayment, I. (1986). J. Biol. Chem. 261, 4217-4218.

2. L-3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme dehydrogenase. The location of NAD binding sites and the bilobal subunit structure. Holden, H.M. and Banaszak, L.J. (1983). J. Biol. Chem. 258, 2383-2389.

1. Differences in the binding of coenzyme to L-3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase in the crystalline state and in solution. Holden, H.M., Banaszak, L.J., Frieden, C., and McLoughlin, D.J. (1981). FEBS Letters 132, 15-18.