Publications
Most of the Ralph Group Publications are currently available from:
http://www.dfrc.ars.usda.gov/DFRCWebPDFs/pdfIndex.html
Books
Forage Cell Wall Structure and Digestibility.
H.G. Jung, D.R. Buxton, R.D. Hatfield and J. Ralph, Eds., American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, Madison (1993).
Book Chapters (Refereed)
Quinone methides in lignification.
J. Ralph, P.F. Schatz, F. Lu, H. Kim, T. Akiyama and S.F. Nelsen.
In Quinone Methides, S. Rokita, Eds., Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ, Vol. 1, in press, accepted: 5/19/2008 (2008).
NMR of Lignins.
J. Ralph and L.L. Landucci.
In Lignins, C. Heitner and D.R. Dimmel, Eds., Marcel Dekker, New York, NY, in press (2008).
Ferulate oligomers: Occurrence in model systems and cereal grains.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph, C. Funk, H. Kim, B. Heuermann and H. Steinhart.
In Proceedings of the 230th Amer. Chem. Soc. Symposium on Grain-based products: health, flavor and safety aspects, Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC, in press (2008).
Lignification: Are lignins biosynthesized via simple combinatorial chemistry or via proteinaceous control and template replication?
J. Ralph, G. Brunow, P.J. Harris, R.A. Dixon, P.F. Schatz and W. Boerjan.
In Advances in Polyphenols Research, F. Daayf, A. El Hadrami, L. Adam and G.M. Ballance, Eds., Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK, pp. 36-66 (2008).
Perturbing Lignification.
J. Ralph.
In The Compromised Wood Workshop 2007, K. Entwistle, P.J. Harris and J. Walker, Eds., Wood Technology Research Centre, University of Canterbury, New Zealand, Canterbury, pp. 85-112 (2007).
Lignins.
J. Ralph, G. Brunow and W. Boerjan
In Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, J. Ralph, G. Brunow and W. Boerjan F. Rose and K. Osborne, Eds. (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, UK), September 2007: 1-10 (2007).
What makes a good monolignol substitute?
J. Ralph.
In The Science and Lore of the Plant Cell Wall Biosynthesis, Structure and Function, T. Hayashi, Eds., Universal Publishers (BrownWalker Press), Boca Raton, FL, pp. 285-293 (2006).
Comparison of the consequences on lignin content and structure of COMT and CAD downregulation in poplar and Arabidopsis thaliana.
L. Jouanin, T. Gujon, R. Sibout, B. Pollet, I. Mila, J.C. Leplé, G. Pilate, M. Petit-Conil, J. Ralph and C. Lapierre.
In Plantation Forest Biotechnology in the 21st Century, C. Walter and M. Carson, Eds., Research Signpost, Kerala, India, pp. 219-229 (2004).
Lignin biosynthesis in poplar: genetic engineering and effects on Kraft pulping.
W. Boerjan, H. Meyermans, C. Chen, M. Baucher, J. Van Doorsselaere, K. Morreel, E. Messens, C. Lapierre, B. Pollet, L. Jouanin, J.C. Leplé, J. Ralph, J.M. Marita, E. Guiney, W. Schuch, M. Petit-Conil and G. Pilate.
In Molecular Breeding of Woody Plants, N. Morohoshi and A. Komamine, Eds., Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Vol. Progress in Biotechnology Series, Vol. 18, pp. Chapter 23: 187-194 (2001).
Solution-state NMR of lignins.
J. Ralph, J.M. Marita, S.A. Ralph, R.D. Hatfield, F. Lu, R.M. Ede, J. Peng, S. Quideau, R.F. Helm, J.H. Grabber, H. Kim, G. Jimenez-Monteon, Y. Zhang, H.-J.G. Jung, L.L. Landucci, J.J. MacKay, R.R. Sederoff, C. Chapple and A.M. Boudet.
In Advances in Lignocellulosics Characterization, D.S. Argyropoulos, Eds., TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA, pp. 55-108 (1999).
Cell wall cross-linking in grasses by ferulates and diferulates.
J. Ralph, R.D. Hatfield, J.H. Grabber, H.G. Jung, S. Quideau and R.F. Helm.
In Lignin and Lignan Biosynthesis, N.G. Lewis and S. Sarkanen, Eds., American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, Vol. 697, Amer. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser., pp. 209-236 (1998).
Efficient ether cleavage in lignins: the “DFRC” method as a basis for new analytical methods.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
In Lignin and Lignan Biosynthesis, N.G. Lewis and S. Sarkanen, Eds., American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp. 294-322 (1998).
Modeling lignification in grasses with monolignol dehydropolymerisate-cell wall complexes.
J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
In Lignin and Lignan Biosynthesis, N.G. Lewis and S. Sarkanen, Eds., American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, Vol. 697, Amer. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser., pp. 163-171 (1998).
Lignin/hydroxycinnamic acid/polysaccharide complexes: Synthetic models for regiochemical characterization.
J. Ralph and R.F. Helm.
In Forage Cell Wall Structure and Digestibility, H.G. Jung, D.R. Buxton, R.D. Hatfield and J. Ralph, Eds., American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, pp. 201-246 (1993).
Phenolic-carbohydrate complex in plant cell walls and their effect on lignocellulose utilization.
H.G. Jung and J. Ralph.
In Microbial and Plant Opportunities to Improve Lignocellulose Utilization by Ruminants, D.E. Akin, L.G. Ljungdahl, J.R. Wilson and P.J. Harris, Eds., Elsevier, New York, pp. 173-182 (1990).
Publications (refereed)
Solution-state 2D NMR of Ball-milled Plant Cell Wall Gels in DMSO-d6.
H. Kim, J. Ralph and T. Akiyama.
BioEnergy Research, in press, published online 03/04/2008, DOI 10.1007/s12155-008-9004-z (2008).
Evidence for cleavage of lignin by a brown rot basidomycete.
D.J. Yelle, J. Ralph, F. Lu and K.E. Hammel.
Environmental Microbiology, in press, accepted 2/14/2008, DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01605.x (2008).
Novel Tetrahydrofuran Structures Derived from β-β-Coupling Reactions Involving Sinapyl Acetate in Kenaf Lignins.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, in press, accepted 7/7/2008, DOI: 10.1039/B809464K (2008).
A potential role of sinapyl p-coumarate in the formation of grass lignins.
R.D. Hatfield, J. Ralph and J.H. Grabber.
Planta, in press (2008).
Coniferyl ferulate incorporation into lignin enhances the alkaline delignification and enzymatic degradation of maize cell walls.
J.H. Grabber, R.D. Hatfield, F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Biomacromolecules, in press, accepted 7/9/2008 (2008).
Characterization and fermentability of an ethanol soluble high molecular weight coffee fraction.
D. Gniechwitz, N. Reichardt, E. Meiss, J. Ralph, H. Steinhart, M. Blaut and M. Bunzel.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, in press, accepted 4/22/2008 (2008).
Peroxidase-catalyzed oligomerization of ferulic acid esters.
M. Bunzel, B. Heuermann, H. Kim and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, submitted 6/13/2008 (2008).
Characterization of non-derivatized plant cell walls using high-resolution solution-state NMR spectroscopy.
D.J. Yelle, J. Ralph and C.R. Frihart.
Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, 46(6), 508-517 (2008).
Lignin engineering.
R. Vanholme, K. Morreel, J. Ralph and W. Boerjan.
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 11, 1-8 (2008).
Identification of the structure and origin of a thioacidolysis marker compound for ferulic acid incorporation into angiosperm lignins (and an indicator for cinnamoyl-CoA reductase deficiency).
J. Ralph, H. Kim, F. Lu, J.H. Grabber, W. Boerjan, J.-C. Leplé, J. Berrio Sierra, M. Mir Derikvand, L. Jouanin and C. Lapierre.
The Plant Journal, 53(2), 368-379 (2008).
Cross-linking of arabinoxylans via 8-8-coupled diferulates as demonstrated by isolation and identification of diarabinosyl 8-8(cyclic)-dehydrodiferulate from maize bran.
M. Bunzel, E. Allerdings, J. Ralph and H. Steinhart.
Journal of Cereal Science, 47(1), 29-40 (2008).
Modifying lignin in conifers: The role of HCT during tracheary element formation in Pinus radiata
A. Wagner, J. Ralph, T. Akiyama, H. Flint, L. Phillips, K.M. Torr, B. Nanayakkara and L. Te Kiri.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 104(28), 11856-11861 (2007).
Molecular phenotyping of lignin-modified tobacco reveals associated changes in cell wall metabolism, primary metabolism, stress metabolism and photorespiration.
R. Dauwe, K. Morreel, G. Goeminne, B. Gielen, J. Ralph, A.-M. Boudet, S. Rochange, J. Kopka, C. Halpin, E. Messens and W. Boerjan.
The Plant Journal, 52, 263-285 (2007).
NMR studies on the occurrence of spirodienone structures in lignins.
L. Zhang, G. Gellerstedt, J. Ralph and F. Lu.
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 26(1), 65-79 (2006).
Synthesis and identification of 2,5-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran-3,4-dicarboxylic acid, an unanticipated ferulate 8–8-coupling product acylating cereal plant cell walls.
P.F. Schatz, J. Ralph, F. Lu, I.A. Guzei and M. Bunzel.
Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 4(14), 2801-2806 (2006).
Effects of coumarate-3-hydroxylase downregulation on lignin structure.
J. Ralph, T. Akiyama, H. Kim, F. Lu, P.F. Schatz, J.M. Marita, S.A. Ralph, M.S.S. Reddy, F. Chen and R.A. Dixon.
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 281(13), 8843-8853 (2006).
Genetical metabolomics of flavonoid biosynthesis in Populus: a case study.
K. Morreel, G. Goeminne, L. Sterck, J. Ralph, W. Coppieters, V. Storme, P. Breyne, M. Steenackers, M. Georges, E. Messens and W. Boerjan.
The Plant Journal, 47(2), 224-237 (2006).
Non-enzymatic reduction of quinone methides during oxidative coupling of monolignols: implications for the origin of benzyl structures in lignins.
A. Holmgren, G. Brunow, G. Henriksson, L. Zhang and J. Ralph.
Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 4(18), 3456-3461 (2006).
Structural identification of dehydrotriferulic and dehydrotetraferulic acids isolated from insoluble maize fiber.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph, P. Brüning and H. Steinhart.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(17), 6409-6418 (2006).
NMR Characterization of Lignins Isolated from Fruit and Vegetable Insoluble Dietary Fiber.
M. Bunzel and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(21), 8352-8361 (2006).
Isolation and structural identification of complex feruloylated heteroxylan side-chains from maize bran.
E. Allerdings, J. Ralph, H. Steinhart and M. Bunzel.
Phytochemistry, 67(12), 1276-1286 (2006).
Simplified preparation of coniferyl and sinapyl alcohols.
H. Kim and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(9), 3693-3695 (2005).
Isolation and structural characterisation of 8–O–4/8–O–4- and 8–O–4/8–8-coupled dehydrotriferulic acids from maize bran.
C. Funk, J. Ralph, H. Steinhart and M. Bunzel.
Phytochemistry, 66(3), 363-371 (2005).
Association of non-starch polysaccharides and ferulic acid in grain amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) dietary fiber.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph and H. Steinhart.
Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, 49(6), 551-559 (2005).
Structural elucidation of new ferulic acid-containing phenolic dimers and trimers isolated from maize bran.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph, C. Funk and H. Steinhart.
Tetrahedron Letters, 46(35), 5845-5850 (2005).
Isolation and structural identification of diarabinosyl 8–O–4-dehydrodiferulate from maize bran insoluble fibre.
E. Allerdings, J. Ralph, P. Schatz, D. Gniechwitz, H. Steinhart and M. Bunzel.
Phytochemistry, 66(1), 113-124 (2005).
Molecular phenotyping of the pal1 and pal2 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana reveals far-reaching consequences on phenylpropanoid, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism.
A. Rohde, K. Morreel, J. Ralph, G. Goeminne, V. Hostyn, R. De Rycke, S. Kushnir, J. Van Doorsselaere, J.P. Joseleau, M. Vuylsteke, G. Van Driessche, J. Van Beeumen, E. Messens and W. Boerjan.
Plant Cell, 16(10), 2749-2771 (2004).
Lignins: natural polymers from oxidative coupling of 4-hydroxyphenylpropanoids.
J. Ralph, K. Lundquist, G. Brunow, F. Lu, H. Kim, P.F. Schatz, J.M. Marita, R.D. Hatfield, S.A. Ralph, J.H. Christensen and W. Boerjan.
Phytochemistry Reviews, 3(1), 29-60 (2004).
Cryoprobe 3D NMR of acetylated ball-milled pine cell walls.
J. Ralph and F. Lu.
Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2(19), 2714-2715 (2004).
Genetic and molecular basis of grass cell wall biosynthesis and degradability. III. Towards a forage grass ideotype.
J. Ralph, S. Guillaume, J.H. Grabber, C. Lapierre and Y. Barrière.
Comptes Rendus Biologies, 327(5), 467-479 (2004).
Peroxidase-dependent cross-linking reactions of p-hydroxycinnamates in plant cell walls.
J. Ralph, M. Bunzel, J.M. Marita, R.D. Hatfield, F. Lu, H. Kim, P.F. Schatz, J.H. Grabber and H. Steinhart.
Phytochemistry Reviews, 3(1), 79-96 (2004).
Phenolic profiling of caffeic acid O-methyltransferase-deficient poplar reveals novel benzodioxane oligolignols.
K. Morreel, J. Ralph, F. Lu, G. Goeminne, R. Busson, P. Herdewijn, J.L. Goeman, J. Van der Eycken, W. Boerjan and E. Messens.
Plant Physiology, 136(4), 4023-4036 (2004).
Profiling of oligolignols reveals monolignol coupling conditions in lignifying poplar xylem.
K. Morreel, J. Ralph, H. Kim, F. Lu, G. Goeminne, S.A. Ralph, E. Messens and W. Boerjan.
Plant Physiology, 136(3), 3537-3549 (2004).
Preparation and relevance of a cross-coupling product between sinapyl alcohol and sinapyl p-hydroxybenzoate.
F. Lu, J. Ralph, K. Morreel, E. Messens and W. Boerjan.
Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2, 2888-2890 (2004).
Signatures of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase deficiency in poplar lignins.
C. Lapierre, G. Pilate, B. Pollet, I. Mila, J.C. Leplé, L. Jouanin, H. Kim and J. Ralph.
Phytochemistry, 65(3), 313-321 (2004).
Structural characterization of lignin during Pinus taeda wood treatment with Ceripotiopsis subvermispora.
A. Guerra, M. Régis, A. Ferraz, F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(7), 4073-4078 (2004).
Genetic and molecular basis of grass cell-wall degradability. I. Lignin-cell wall matrix interactions.
J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph, C. Lapierre and Y. Barrière.
Comptes Rendus Biologies, 327(5), 455-465 (2004).
The Gel-Forming Polysaccharide of Psyllium Husk. Plantago ovata Forsk.
M.H. Fischer, N. Yu, G.A. Gray, L. Anderson, J. Ralph and J.A. Marlett.
Carbohydrate Research, 339(11), 2009-2017 (2004).
Phenolic compounds as cross-links of plant derived polysaccharides.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph and H. Steinhart.
Czech Journal of Food Science, 22, 39-42 (2004).
Lignins and ferulate-coniferyl alcohol cross-coupling products in cereal grains.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph, F. Lu, R.D. Hatfield and H. Steinhart.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(21), 6496-6502 (2004).
Genetic and molecular basis of grass cell wall biosynthesis and degradability. II. Lessons from brown-midrib mutants.
Y. Barrière, J. Ralph, V. Méchin, S. Guillaumie, J.H. Grabber, O. Argillier, B. Chabbert and C. Lapierre.
Comptes Rendus Biologies, 327(9), 847-860 (2004).
Variations in the cell wall composition of maize brown midrib mutants.
J.M. Marita, W. Vermerris, J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(5), 1313-1321 (2003).
Structural and compositional modifications in lignin of transgenic alfalfa down-regulated in caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase and caffeoyl coenzyme A 3-O-methyltransferase.
J.M. Marita, J. Ralph, R.D. Hatfield, D. Guo, F. Chen and R.A. Dixon.
Phytochemistry, 62(1), 53-65 (2003).
Non-degradative dissolution and acetylation of ball-milled plant cell walls; high-resolution solution-state NMR.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
The Plant Journal, 35(4), 535-544 (2003).
Combinatorial modification of multiple lignin traits in trees through multigene cotransformation.
L. Li, Y. Zhou, X. Cheng, J. Sun, J.M. Marita, J. Ralph and V.L. Chiang.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(8), 4939-4944 (2003).
NMR Analysis of Lignins in CAD-deficient Plants. Part 1. Incorporation of hydroxycinnamaldehydes and hydroxybenzaldehydes into lignins.
H. Kim, J. Ralph, F. Lu, S.A. Ralph, A.-M. Boudet, J.J. MacKay, R.R. Sederoff, T. Ito, S. Kawai, H. Ohashi and T. Higuchi.
Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 1, 268-281 (2003).
Apoplastic pH and Monolignol Addition Rate Effects on Lignin Formation and Cell Wall Degradability in Maize.
J.H. Grabber, R.D. Hatfield and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(17), 4984-4989 (2003).
A new Arabidopsis thaliana mutant deficient in the expression of O-methyltransferase impacts lignins and sinapoyl esters.
T. Goujon, R. Sibout, B. Pollet, B. Mabra, L. Nussaume, N. Bechtold, F. Lu, J. Ralph, I. Mila, Y. Barrière, C. Lapierre and L. Jouanin.
Plant Molecular Biology, 51(6), 973-989 (2003).
Bacterial antimutagenesis by hydroxycinnamic acids from plant cell walls.
L.R. Ferguson, I.F. Lim, A.E. Pearson, J. Ralph and P.J. Harris.
Mutation Research, 542(1-2), 49-58 (2003).
Sinapate dehydrodimers and sinapate-ferulate heterodimers in cereal dietary fiber.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph, H. Kim, F. Lu, S.A. Ralph, J.M. Marita, R.D. Hatfield and H. Steinhart.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(5), 1427-1434 (2003).
Isolation and identification of a ferulic acid dehydrotrimer from saponified maize bran insoluble fiber.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph, C. Funk and H. Steinhart.
European Food Research and Technology, 217(2), 128-133 (2003).
Lignin biosynthesis.
W. Boerjan, J. Ralph and M. Baucher.
Annual Reviews in Plant Biology, 54, 519-549 (2003).
Preliminary evidence for sinapyl acetate as a lignin monomer in kenaf.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, (1), 90-91 (2002).
Identification of the structure and origin of thioacidolysis marker compounds for cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase deficiency in angiosperms.
H. Kim, J. Ralph, F. Lu, G. Pilate, J.C. Leplé, B. Pollet and C. Lapierre.
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(49), 47412-47419 (2002).
Model studies of ferulate-coniferyl alcohol cross-product formation in primary maize walls: implications for lignification in grasses.
J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(21), 6008-6016 (2002).
Strukturbildende phenolische Verbindungen in Getreideballaststoffen am Beispiel löslicher und unlöslicher Roggenballaststoffe {Structural phenolic components in cereal dietary fiber: soluble and insoluble rye dietary fiber}.
M. Bunzel, H. Steinhart and J. Ralph.
Getreide, Mehl und Brot {Grain, Flour, and Bread}, 56(5), 281-286 (2002).
Cell wall hydroxycinnamates in wild rice (Zizania aquatica L.) insoluble dietary fibre.
M. Bunzel, E. Allerdings, V. Sinwell, J. Ralph and H. Steinhart.
European Food Research and Technology, 214(6), 482-488 (2002).
Acidolysis and hot water extraction provide new insights into the composition of induced "lignin-like" material from squash fruit.
R.R. Stange, J. Ralph, J. Peng, J.J. Sims, S.L. Midland and R.E. McDonald.
Phytochemistry, 57(6), 1005-1011 (2001).
Elucidation of new structures in lignins of CAD- and COMT-deficient plants by NMR.
J. Ralph, C. Lapierre, J. Marita, H. Kim, F. Lu, R.D. Hatfield, S.A. Ralph, C. Chapple, R. Franke, M.R. Hemm, J. Van Doorsselaere, R.R. Sederoff, D.M. O’Malley, J.T. Scott, J.J. MacKay, N. Yahiaoui, A.-M. Boudet, M. Pean, G. Pilate, L. Jouanin and W. Boerjan.
Phytochemistry, 57(6), 993-1003 (2001).
NMR evidence for benzodioxane structures resulting from incorporation of 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol into lignins of O-methyl-transferase-deficient poplars.
J. Ralph, C. Lapierre, F. Lu, J.M. Marita, G. Pilate, J. Van Doorsselaere, W. Boerjan and L. Jouanin.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49(1), 86-91 (2001).
NMR characterization of lignins from transgenic poplars with suppressed caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity.
J.M. Marita, J. Ralph, C. Lapierre, L. Jouanin and W. Boerjan.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, (22), 2939-2945 (2001).
Strong decrease in lignin content without significant alteration of plant development is induced by simultaneous down-regulation of cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) in tobacco plants.
M. Chabannes, A. Barakate, C. Lapierre, J. Marita, J. Ralph, M. Pean, S. Danoun, C. Halpin, J. Grima-Pettenatia and A.-M. Boudet.
The Plant Journal, 28(3), 257-270 (2001).
Diferulates as structural components in soluble and insoluble dietary fibre.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph, J.M. Marita, R.D. Hatfield and H. Steinhart.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 81(7), 653-660 (2001).
Diferulates analysis: new diferulates and disinapates in insoluble cereal fibre.
J. Ralph, M. Bunzel, J.M. Marita, R.D. Hatfield, F. Lu, H. Kim, J.H. Grabber, S.A. Ralph, G. Jimenez-Monteon and H. Steinhart.
Polyphénols Actualités, (19), 13-17 (2000).
Modifications in lignin and accumulation of phenolic glucosides in poplar xylem upon down-regulation of caffeoyl-coenzyme A O-methyltransferase, an enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis.
H. Meyermans, K. Morreel, C. Lapierre, B. Pollet, A. De Bruyn, R. Busson, P. Herdewijn, B. Devreese, J. Van Beeumen, J.M. Marita, J. Ralph, C. Chen, B. Burggraeve, M. Van Montagu, E. Messens and W. Boerjan.
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275(47), 36899-36909 (2000).
Cross-coupling of hydroxycinnamyl aldehydes into lignins.
H. Kim, J. Ralph, N. Yahiaoui, M. Pean and A.-M. Boudet.
Organic Letters, 2(15), 2197-2200 (2000).
Cross-linking of maize walls by ferulate dimerization and incorporation into lignin.
J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48(12), 6106-6113 (2000).
Identification of 4-O-5'-coupled diferulic acid from insoluble cereal fiber.
M. Bunzel, J. Ralph, J.M. Marita and H. Steinhart.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48(8), 3166-3169 (2000).
Unexpected variation in lignin.
R.R. Sederoff, J.J. MacKay, J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2(2), 145-152 (1999).
Are lignins optically active?
J. Ralph, J. Peng, F. Lu and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 47(8), 2991-2996 (1999).
Arylpropane-1,3-diols in lignins from normal and CAD-deficient pines.
J. Ralph, H. Kim, J. Peng and F. Lu.
Organic Letters, 1(2), 323-326 (1999).
The DFRC method for lignin analysis. Part 5. Isochroman lignin trimers from DFRC-degraded Pinus taeda.
J. Peng, F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Phytochemistry, 50(4), 659-666 (1999).
NMR characterization of lignins in Arabidopsis altered in the activity of ferulate-5-hydroxylase.
J. Marita, J. Ralph, R.D. Hatfield and C. Chapple.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 96(22), 12328-12332 (1999).
Detection and determination of p-coumaroylated units in lignins.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 47(5), 1988-1992 (1999).
The DFRC method for lignin analysis. 7. The behavior of cinnamyl end-groups.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 47(5), 1981-1987 (1999).
Accuracy of Klason lignin and acid detergent lignin methods as assessed by bomb calorimetry.
H.-J.G. Jung, V.H. Varel, P.J. Weimer and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 47(5), 2005-2008 (1999).
Repression of lignin biosynthesis in transgenic trees promotes cellulose accumulation and growth.
W.-J. Hu, J. Lung, S.A. Harding, J.L. Popko, J. Ralph, D.D. Stokke, C.-J. Tsai and V.L. Chiang.
Nature Biotechnology, 17(8), 808-812 (1999).
Cell wall cross-linking by ferulates and diferulates in grasses.
R.D. Hatfield, J. Ralph and J.H. Grabber.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 79(3), 403-407 (1999).
Cell wall structural foundations: molecular basis for improving forage digestabilities.
R.D. Hatfield, J. Ralph and J.H. Grabber.
Crop Science, 39(1), 27-37 (1999).
Modeling the feasibility of intramolecular dehydrodiferulate formation in grass walls.
R.D. Hatfield and J. Ralph.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 79(3), 425-427 (1999).
Using the acetyl bromide assay to determine lignin concentrations in herbaceous plants: some cautionary notes.
R.D. Hatfield, J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph and K. Brei.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 47(2), 628-632 (1999).
Antioxidant properties of 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-β,β'-bicinnamic acid (8-8-diferulate non-cyclic form).
M.T. Garcia-Conesa, P.D. Wilson, G.W. Plumb, J. Ralph and G. Williamson.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 79(3), 379-384 (1999).
A cinnamoyl esterase from Aspergillus niger can break plant cell wall cross-links without release of free diferulic acids.
M.T. Garcia-Conesa, P.A. Kroon, J. Ralph, F.A. Mellon, I.J. Colquhoun, L. Saulnier, J.-F. Thibault and G. Williamson.
European Journal of Biochemistry, 266(2), 644-652 (1999).
Preparation of synthetic lignins with superior NMR characteristics via isotopically labeled monolignols.
J. Ralph, Y. Zhang and R.M. Ede.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, (16), 2609-2613 (1998).
A new synthesis of (Z)-coniferyl alcohol, and characterization of its derived synthetic lignin.
J. Ralph and Y. Zhang.
Tetrahedron, 54, 1349-1354 (1998).
Isochroman structures in lignin: a new β-1 pathway.
J. Ralph, J. Peng and F. Lu.
Tetrahedron Letters, 39(28), 4963-4964 (1998).
The DFRC method for lignin analysis. Part 6. A modified method to determine acetate regiochemistry on native and isolated lignins.
J. Ralph and F. Lu.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46(11), 4616-4619 (1998).
NMR characterization of altered lignins extracted from tobacco plants down-regulated for lignification enzymes cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase and cinnamoyl-CoA reductase.
J. Ralph, R.D. Hatfield, J. Piquemal, N. Yahiaoui, M. Pean, C. Lapierre and A.-M. Boudet.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 95(22), 12803-12808 (1998).
Simple preparation of 8-5-coupled diferulate.
J. Ralph, M.T. Garcia-Conesa and G. Williamson.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46(7), 2531-2532 (1998).
The DFRC method for lignin analysis. Part 4. Lignin dimers isolated from DFRC-degraded loblolly pine wood.
J. Peng, F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46(2), 553-560 (1998).
Facile synthesis of 4-hydroxycinnamyl p-coumarates.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46(8), 2911-2913 (1998).
Highly selective syntheses of coniferyl and sinapyl alcohols.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46(5), 1794-1796 (1998).
The DFRC method for lignin analysis. Part 2. Monomers from isolated lignins.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46(2), 547-552 (1998).
The DFRC method for lignin analysis. Part 3. NMR studies.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 18(2), 219-233 (1998).
Assessment of reductive acetogenesis with indigenous rumen bacterial populations and Acetitomaculum ruminis.
T.D. Levan, J.A. Robinson, J. Ralph, R.C. Greening, W.J. Smolenski, J.A. Leedle and D.M. Schaefer.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64(9), 3429-3436 (1998).
Ferulate cross-links limit the enzymatic degradation of synthetically lignified primary walls of maize.
J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46(7), 2609-2614 (1998).
Severe inhibition of maize wall degradation by synthetic lignins formed with coniferaldehyde.
J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 78(1), 81-87 (1998).
Diferulate cross-links impede the enzymatic degradation of nonlignified maize walls.
J.H. Grabber, R.D. Hatfield and J. Ralph.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 77(2), 193-200 (1998).
Formation of formate and hydrogen, and flux of reducing equivalents and carbon in Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1.
Y. Shi, P.J. Weimer and J. Ralph.
Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology, 72(2), 101-109 (1997).
Abnormal lignin in a loblolly pine mutant.
J. Ralph, J.J. MacKay, R.D. Hatfield, D.M. O’Malley, R.W. Whetten and R.R. Sederoff.
Science, 277, 235-239 (1997).
Fake plastic trees.
J. Ralph.
Chemistry and Industry, 708 (1997).
Lignin-ferulate cross-links in grasses. Part 4. Incorporation of 5–5-coupled diferulate into lignin.
S. Quideau and J. Ralph.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, (16), 2351-2358 (1997).
Formation of ferulic acid dehydrodimers through oxidative cross-linking of sugar beet pectin.
A. Oosterveld, J.H. Grabber, G. Beldman, J. Ralph and A.G.J. Voragen.
Carbohydrate Research, 300(2), 179-181 (1997).
Dehydrodiferulic acids from sugar-beet pulp.
V. Micard, J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph, C.M.G.C. Renard and J.-F. Thibault.
Phytochemistry, 44(7), 1365-1368 (1997).
Derivatization followed by reductive cleavage (DFRC method), a new method for lignin analysis: protocol for analysis of DFRC monomers.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45(7), 2590-2592 (1997).
The DFRC method for lignin analysis. Part 1. A new method for β-aryl ether cleavage: lignin model studies.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45(12), 4655-4660 (1997).
p-Hydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl lignins have similar inhibitory effects on wall degradability.
J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph, R.D. Hatfield and S. Quideau.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45(7), 2530-2532 (1997).
Ferulic acid dehydrodimers from wheat bran: isolation, purification and antioxidant properties of 8-O-4-diferulic acid.
M.T. Garcia-Conesa, G.W. Plumb, K.W. Waldron, J. Ralph and G. Williamson.
Redox Report, 3(5-6), 319-323 (1997).
Cell-wall-esterified phenolic dimers: identification and quantification by reverse phase HPLC and diode-array detection.
K.W. Waldron, A.J. Parr, A. Ng and J. Ralph.
Phytochemical Analysis, 7(6), 305-312 (1996).
Dimeric β-ether thioacidolysis products resulting from incomplete ether cleavage.
J. Ralph and J.H. Grabber.
Holzforschung, 50(5), 425-428 (1996).
An unusual lignin from Kenaf.
J. Ralph.
Journal of Natural Products, 59(4), 341-342 (1996).
Improved preparation of coniferyl and sinapyl alcohols.
F.H. Ludley and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44(10), 2942-2943 (1996).
Reactions of lignin model β-aryl ethers with acetyl bromide.
F. Lu and J. Ralph.
Holzforschung, 50(4), 360-364 (1996).
Improving forage fiber digestibility.
H. Jung, D. Buxton, R. Hatfield, D. Mertens, J. Ralph and P. Weimer.
Feed Mix, 4(6), 30-31, 33-34 (1996).
Dehydrogenation polymer-cell wall complexes as a model for lignified grass walls.
J.H. Grabber, J. Ralph, R.D. Hatfield, S. Quideau, T. Kuster and A.N. Pell.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44(6), 1453-1459 (1996).
p-Coumaroylated syringyl units in maize lignin; implications for beta-ether cleavage by thioacidolysis.
J.H. Grabber, S. Quideau and J. Ralph.
Phytochemistry, 43(6), 1189-1194 (1996).
A 2D NMR investigation of the heterogeneity of distribution of diarylpropane structures in extracted Pinus radiata lignins.
R.M. Ede, J. Ralph, K.M. Torr and B.S.W. Dawson.
Holzforschung, 50(2), 161-164 (1996).
Assignment of 2D TOCSY spectra of lignins: the role of lignin model compounds.
R.M. Ede and J. Ralph.
Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, 34(4), 261-268 (1996).
Lignin-ferulate crosslinks in grasses: active incorporation of ferulate polysaccharide esters into ryegrass lignins.
J. Ralph, J.H. Grabber and R.D. Hatfield.
Carbohydrate Research, 275(1), 167-178 (1995).
Ferulate cross-linking in cell walls isolated from maize cell suspensions.
J.H. Grabber, R.D. Hatfield, J. Ralph, J. Zon and N. Amrhein.
Phytochemistry, 40(4), 1077-1082 (1995).
Identification and synthesis of new ferulic acid dehydrodimers present in grass cell walls.
J. Ralph, S. Quideau, J.H. Grabber and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, (23), 3485-3498 (1994).
Stereoselectivity in benzyl 1,2-diaryl ether cleavage by bromotrimethylsilane.
J. Ralph, R.F. Helm, R.C. Fort and T.J. Elder.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, (15), 2117-2121 (1994).
Pathway of p-coumaric acid incorporation into maize lignin as revealed by NMR.
J. Ralph, R.D. Hatfield, S. Quideau, R.F. Helm, J.H. Grabber and H.-J.G. Jung.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 116(21), 9448-9456 (1994).
A biomimetic route to lignin model compounds via silver (I) oxide oxidation. 2. NMR characterization of non-cyclic benzyl aryl ether trimers and tetramers.
S. Quideau and J. Ralph.
Holzforschung, 48(2), 124-132 (1994).
A biomimetic route to lignin model compounds via silver (I) oxide oxidation. 1. Synthesis of dilignols and non-cyclic benzyl aryl ethers.
S. Quideau and J. Ralph.
Holzforschung, 48(1), 12-22 (1994).
A comparison of the insoluble residues produced by the Klason lignin and acid detergent lignin procedures.
R.D. Hatfield, H.G. Jung, J. Ralph, D.R. Buxton and P.J. Weimer.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 65(1), 51-58 (1994).
1H NMR of acetylated beta-ether/beta-ether lignin model trimers.
J. Ralph.
Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, 31(4), 357-363 (1993).
Synthesis of 4,8-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,7,dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octan-2-ones and determination of their relative configuration via long-range proton couplings.
S. Quideau and J. Ralph.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, (6), 653-659 (1993).
Stereospecificity for zinc borohydride reduction of alpha-aryloxy-beta-hydroxy ketones.
R.F. Helm and J. Ralph.
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 13(4), 593-601 (1993).
Lignin—hydroxycinnamoyl model compounds related to forage cell wall structure. 2. Ester-linked structures.
R.F. Helm and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 41(4), 570-576 (1993).
Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of hydroxycinnamoylated methyl alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→2)- and (1→3)-beta-D-xylopyranosides.
R.F. Helm and J. Ralph.
Carbohydrate Research, 240, 23-38 (1993).
Impact of methyl-5-O-(E)-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside on in vitro degradation of cellulose and xylan.
D.A. Deetz, H.G. Jung, R.F. Helm, R.D. Hatfield and J. Ralph.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 61(4), 423-427 (1993).
Lignin-feruloyl ester cross-links in grasses. Part 1. Incorporation of feruloyl esters into coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenation polymers.
J. Ralph, R.F. Helm, S. Quideau and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, (21), 2961-2969 (1992).
Lignin-feruloyl ester cross-links in grasses. Part 2. Model compound syntheses.
J. Ralph, R.F. Helm and S. Quideau.
Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, (21), 2971-2980 (1992).
Facile large-scale synthesis of coniferyl, sinapyl, and p-coumaryl alcohol.
S. Quideau and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 40(7), 1108-1110 (1992).
Synthesis of feruloylated and p-coumaroylated methyl glycosides.
R.F. Helm, J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
Carbohydrate Research, 229(1), 183-194 (1992).
Lignin–hydroxycinnamyl model compounds related to forage cell wall structure. 1. Ether-linked structures.
R.F. Helm and J. Ralph.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 40(11), 2167-2175 (1992).
Rapid proton NMR method for determination of threo:erythro ratios in lignin model compounds and examination of reduction stereochemistry.
J. Ralph and R.F. Helm.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 39(4), 705-709 (1991).
Pyrolysis-GC-MS characterization of forage materials.
J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 39(8), 1426-1437 (1991).
The stereochemistry of guaiacyl lignin model quinonemethides.
J. Ralph, T.J. Elder and R.M. Ede.
Holzforschung, 45(3), 199-204 (1991).
Rotenone NMR assignments [Erratum to document cited in CA109(19):170096x].
R. Nunlist and J. Ralph.
Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 28(8), (1991).
Degradability of phenolic acid-hemicellulose esters: a model system.
H.G. Jung, J. Ralph and R.D. Hatfield.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 56(4), 469-478 (1991).
Regioselective protection strategies for D-xylopyranosides.
R.F. Helm, J. Ralph and L. Anderson.
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 56(25), 7015-7021 (1991).
Synthesis of methyl 5-O-trans-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside and its use as a substrate to assess feruloyl esterase activity.
R.D. Hatfield, R.F. Helm and J. Ralph.
Analytical Biochemistry, 194(1), 25-33 (1991).
Synthesis of affinity ligands and radioactive probes for isolation and study of myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate binding proteins.
A.N. Jina, J. Ralph and C.E. Ballou.
Biochemistry, 29(21), 5203-9 (1990).
Evidence for increased steric compression in anti compared to syn lignin model quinone methides.
R.M. Ede, L. Main and J. Ralph.
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 10(1), 101-10 (1990).
A one- and two-dimensional carbon-13 and proton NMR study of some triterpenes of the hopane, stictane and flavicene groups.
A.L. Wilkins, J. Bremer, J. Ralph, P.T. Holland, K.J. Ronaldson, P.M. Jager and P.W. Bird.
Australian Journal of Chemistry, 42(2), 243-57 (1989).
NMR of lignin model quinone methides. Corrected carbon-13 NMR assignments via carbon-proton correlation experiments.
J. Ralph and R.M. Ede.
Holzforschung, 42(5), 337-338 (1988).
NMR of lignin model compounds: application of long-range C-H correlations through oxygen.
J. Ralph.
Holzforschung, 42(4), 273-275 (1988).
Rotenone NMR assignments.
R. Nunlist and J. Ralph.
Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 25(1), 351-352 (1988).
Reactions of beta-aryl lignin model quinone methides with anthrahydroquinone and anthranol.
J. Ralph, R.M. Ede, N.P. Robinson and L. Main.
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 7(2), 133-60 (1987).
The stereochemistry of beta-5 lignin model compounds.
R.M. Ede, J. Ralph and A.L. Wilkins.
Holzforschung, 41(4), 239-45 (1987).
NMR pulse sequences for structural studies: their variety and value.
J. Ralph and S. Ralph.
Chemistry in New Zealand, 50(4), 101-5 (1986).
Adducts of anthrahydroquinone and anthranol with lignin model quinone methides. 9,10-13C labeled anthranol-lignin adducts; examination of adduct formation and stereochemistry in the polymer.
J. Ralph and L.L. Landucci.
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 6(1), 73-88 (1986).
Synthesis of trimeric lignin model compounds composed of beta-aryl ether and phenylcoumaran structures.
J. Ralph, R.M. Ede and A.L. Wilkins.
Holzforschung, 40(1), 23-30 (1986).
Rapid NMR method for determination of threo:erythro ratios in lignin model compounds.
J. Ralph and A.L. Wilkins.
Holzforschung, 39(6), 341-344 (1985).
Adducts of anthrahydroquinone and anthranol with lignin model quinone methides. 4. Proton NMR hindered rotation studies. Correlation between solution conformations and x-ray crystal structure.
J. Ralph, L.L. Landucci, B.K. Nicholson and A.L. Wilkins.
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 49(18), 3337-40 (1984).
Anthraquinone losses during alkaline pulping.
L.L. Landucci and J. Ralph.
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 4(2), 149-61 (1984).
Stereochemical aspects of addition reactions involving lignin model quinone methides.
J. Ralph and R.A. Young.
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 3(2), 161-181 (1983).
Adducts of anthrahydroquinone and anthranol with lignin model quinone methides. 2. Dehydration derivatives. Proof of threo configuration.
J. Ralph and L.L. Landucci.
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 48(3), 372-6 (1983).
Adducts of anthrahydroquinone and anthranol with lignin model quinone methides. 3. Independent synthesis of threo and erythro isomers.
J. Ralph and L.L. Landucci.
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 48(22), 3884-9 (1983).
Determination of the conformation and isomeric composition of lignin model quinone methides by NMR.
J. Ralph and B.R. Adams.
Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 3(2), 183-94 (1983).
Characterization of hardwood lignin: investigation of syringyl/guaiacyl composition by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
J.R. Obst and J. Ralph.
Holzforschung, 37(6), 297-302 (1983).
Reactions of lignin model quinone methides and NMR studies of lignins.
J. Ralph
In Forestry/Chemistry. J. Ralph (U. Wisconsin-Madison, University Microfilms #DA 82-26987, Madison), (1982).
Adducts of anthrahydroquinone and anthranol with lignin model quinone methides. 1. Synthesis and characterization.
L.L. Landucci and J. Ralph.
Journal of Organic Chemistry, 47(18), 3486-3495 (1982).
Synthesis of the lignin model compounds threo-guaiacylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether and threo-veratrylglycerol-beta-guaiacyl ether.
J. Ralph and R.A. Young.
Holzforschung, 35(1), 39-41 (1981).
Most of the Ralph Group publications are available from http://www.dfrc.ars.usda.gov/DFRCWebPDFs/pdfIndex.htmlMost of the Ralph Group publications are available from http://www.dfrc.ars.usda.gov/DFRCWebPDFs/pdfIndex.html